Heat pipes are constructed using metal tubes that are sealed under partial vacuum. The copper heat pipe has a core liner inside, which can be used as a capillary material for small amounts of fluid. When heat is applied to the surface of the heat pipe in the evaporator area, the fluid is heated and, since it is in a vacuum, it is easier to turn it into steam. This phase change from fluid to vapor creates pressure. As the pressure increases, the steam will naturally flow into the cooler part of the heat pipe. Heat is then released as the vapor condenses back into the fluid. The fluid will then flow back to the warmer area, where the cycle will repeat while heat is applied to that part.
Many fluids can be used as phase transitions in heat pipes. In most applications, deionized water is chosen as the working fluid due to its high latent heat, surface tension, thermal conductivity, and boiling temperature. The negative vacuum pressure inside the heat pipe causes the water to boil and turn into steam at a lower temperature than normal. The inner wick can vary depending on the application and orientation of the cooling unit.
- CPU Heatsink
- Custom Heatsink
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